human cd38 gene vector  (Sino Biological)

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: A rabbit anti-human CD38 antibody for eliminating daratumumab and isatuximab interference in immunohematology testing

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1726341

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression, characterization, and functional evaluation of rabbit anti-hCD38 polyclonal antibody. (A) Purity and molecular weight of hCD38-His protein detected via SDS–PAGE and Coomassie brilliant blue staining. (B) Purity and molecular weight of rabbit anti-hCD38 pAb analyzed via SDS–PAGE and Coomassie staining. (C) Affinity of rabbit pAb to hCD38-His determined via ELISA (EC 50 = 86.93 ng/mL). (D) Results of indirect anti-human globulin tests in the presence (plus sign) or absence (minus sign) of DARA and pAb are shown. pAb-treated RBCs eliminated DARA-induced pan-agglutination in IAT. (E) Same as panel (D) , using ISA-spiked plasma. The results showed that treatment with pAb eliminated ISA-induced pan-agglutination in IAT. Rabbit pAb, rabbit anti-human CD38 polyclonal antibody; DARA, daratumumab; ISA, isatuximab; pAb, polyclonal antibody; RBCs, red blood cells; IAT, indirect antiglobulin test. A solid pellet at the bottom of the tubes indicates a negative result, and suspended particles (red cell agglutinates) within the gel matrix indicate a positive test result (either a 1+ or 2+ degree of agglutination).

Article Snippet: The human CD38 gene vector (Sino Biological, NP_001766 , Cat. HG10818-M, Beijing, China) was amplified using primers listed in .

Techniques: Expressing, Functional Assay, Molecular Weight, SDS Page, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Agglutination, Clinical Proteomics, Indirect Antiglobulin Test

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: A rabbit anti-human CD38 antibody for eliminating daratumumab and isatuximab interference in immunohematology testing

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1726341

Figure Lengend Snippet: Preparation, expression, and identification of rabbit anti-human CD38 monoclonal antibodies. (A) Flow cytometric sorting of single B cells; FITC/allophycocyanin (APC) (AF647) double-positive cells in AE gate selected. (B) Purity and molecular weight of rabbit mAbs were detected via staining with Coomassie brilliant blue. (C) ELISA analysis of rabbit mAb binding to hCD38-His. (D) ForteBio Octet determination of the affinities of rabbit mAbs toward hCD38-His. The binding affinity parameter KD was calculated, as reported using ForteBio Data Analysis Software 8.0 (Fremont, CA, USA). (E) Epitope competition assay with DARA by ForteBio. Green, A3; purple, D2. (F) Flow cytometry showing D2 and A3 binding to RBC-expressed CD38. Rabbit mAbs, rabbit anti-human CD38 monoclonal antibodies; DARA, daratumumab; RBC, red blood cell.

Article Snippet: The human CD38 gene vector (Sino Biological, NP_001766 , Cat. HG10818-M, Beijing, China) was amplified using primers listed in .

Techniques: Expressing, Bioprocessing, Molecular Weight, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Binding Assay, Software, Competitive Binding Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: A rabbit anti-human CD38 antibody for eliminating daratumumab and isatuximab interference in immunohematology testing

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1726341

Figure Lengend Snippet: Elimination of DARA- and ISA-induced interference in IAT using rabbit anti-human CD38 monoclonal antibodies and optimization of D2 treatment conditions. Results of indirect anti-human globulin tests in the presence (plus sign) or absence (minus sign) of DARA/ISA and A3/D2 are shown. (A) A3-treated RBCs failed to eliminate DARA-induced interference in IAT. (B, C) D2-treated RBCs eliminated DARA- and ISA-induced pan-agglutination in IAT. (D) Tube 1: negative control. Tube 2: positive control for the DARA interference. Tubes 3–9: per μL of packed RBCs was treated with varying volumes of 1–30 μL D2 (1 mg/mL), and at least 3 μL of 1 mg/mL D2 was required to effectively eliminate DARA interference. (E) Per μL packed RBCs was treated with 3 μL of D2 at room temperature for varying durations (5–15 minutes). Optimization experiments demonstrated that an incubation time of 10 minutes at room temperature was sufficient to eliminate DARA interference in the presence of D2. DARA, daratumumab; ISA, isatuximab; IAT, indirect antiglobulin test; RBCs, red blood cells. A solid pellet at the bottom of the tubes indicates a negative result, and suspended particles (red cell agglutinates) within the gel matrix indicate a positive test result (either a 1+ or 2+ degree of agglutination).

Article Snippet: The human CD38 gene vector (Sino Biological, NP_001766 , Cat. HG10818-M, Beijing, China) was amplified using primers listed in .

Techniques: Bioprocessing, Agglutination, Negative Control, Positive Control, Incubation, Indirect Antiglobulin Test

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: A rabbit anti-human CD38 antibody for eliminating daratumumab and isatuximab interference in immunohematology testing

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1726341

Figure Lengend Snippet: Elimination of DARA- and ISA-induced interference in IAT using rabbit anti-human CD38 monoclonal antibodies and optimization of D2 treatment conditions. Results of indirect anti-human globulin tests in the presence (plus sign) or absence (minus sign) of DARA/ISA and A3/D2 are shown. (A) A3-treated RBCs failed to eliminate DARA-induced interference in IAT. (B, C) D2-treated RBCs eliminated DARA- and ISA-induced pan-agglutination in IAT. (D) Tube 1: negative control. Tube 2: positive control for the DARA interference. Tubes 3–9: per μL of packed RBCs was treated with varying volumes of 1–30 μL D2 (1 mg/mL), and at least 3 μL of 1 mg/mL D2 was required to effectively eliminate DARA interference. (E) Per μL packed RBCs was treated with 3 μL of D2 at room temperature for varying durations (5–15 minutes). Optimization experiments demonstrated that an incubation time of 10 minutes at room temperature was sufficient to eliminate DARA interference in the presence of D2. DARA, daratumumab; ISA, isatuximab; IAT, indirect antiglobulin test; RBCs, red blood cells. A solid pellet at the bottom of the tubes indicates a negative result, and suspended particles (red cell agglutinates) within the gel matrix indicate a positive test result (either a 1+ or 2+ degree of agglutination).

Article Snippet: The human CD38 gene vector (Sino Biological, NP_001766 , Cat. HG10818-M, Beijing, China) was amplified using primers listed in .

Techniques: Bioprocessing, Agglutination, Negative Control, Positive Control, Incubation, Indirect Antiglobulin Test

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: A rabbit anti-human CD38 antibody for eliminating daratumumab and isatuximab interference in immunohematology testing

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1726341

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stability of D2 and its efficacy in eliminating therapeutic anti-CD38 antibody interference. Results of indirect anti-human globulin (Coombs’) tests in the presence (plus sign) or absence (minus sign) of daratumumab and D2 are shown. (A) Distribution of anti-CD38 antibody titers (n = 49) and their association with clinical response status. (B) Agglutination scores comparing the efficacy of DTT and D2 in reducing therapeutic anti-CD38 antibody interference. (C) To evaluate the storage stability of D2, it was stored at 4°C, −20°C, and −80°C, and its ability to eliminate DARA interference was assessed via IAT after 1 month (D) , 3 months (E) , or 6 months. A solid pellet at the bottom of the tubes indicates a negative result, and suspended particles (red cell agglutinates) within the gel matrix indicate a positive test result (either a 1+ or 2+ degree of agglutination). DTT, dithiothreitol; DARA, daratumumab; IAT, indirect antiglobulin test.

Article Snippet: The human CD38 gene vector (Sino Biological, NP_001766 , Cat. HG10818-M, Beijing, China) was amplified using primers listed in .

Techniques: Agglutination, Indirect Antiglobulin Test

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: CD38 reduces mitochondrial fitness and cytotoxic T cell response against viral infection in lupus patients by suppressing mitophagy

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4271

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells sorted from healthy donor at baseline and after addition of oligomycin, carbonyl cyanide p -trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone, and rotenone/antimycin A. ( B ) Basal and maximal OCR of CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells sorted from healthy donor in (A). ( C ) Representative flow cytometry plot of MitoTracker Green and MitoTracker Deep Red staining in CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells from the peripheral blood of SLE patients. Percentage of depolarized mitochondria in CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells. ( D and E ) Representative flow cytometry plot of MitoTracker Green (D) and MitoSOX (E) staining and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells from lupus patient peripheral blood. ( F to I ) Representative electron microscopy of CD38 hi with reduced number of cristae (F), no cristae (G), and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells (H) sorted from lupus patient peripheral blood. Percentage of mitochondria observed with partial or complete loss of cristae in CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells (I). Data are means ± SD; statistical analysis by two-tailed t test (B and F), paired t test (C to E), and chi-square test (I). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For MitoTracker and immunofluorescence staining, control OFPSpark Vector (Sino Biological, CV025) and CD38 overexpression vector with OFPSpark (Sino Biological, HG10818-ACR) were used because of the consideration of fluorescence colors.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Staining, Fluorescence, Electron Microscopy, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: CD38 reduces mitochondrial fitness and cytotoxic T cell response against viral infection in lupus patients by suppressing mitophagy

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4271

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Percentage of depolarized mitochondria in control, CD38-overexpressing CD8 + T cells, or CD38-overexpressing cells treated with SRT1720, or one of the CD38 inhibitors (78c or MK-0159). ( B to D ) Percentage of positive cells expressing CD107a (B), granzyme B (C), and IFN-γ (D) in control, CD38-overexpressing CD8 + T cells, or CD38-overexpressing cells treated with SRT1720, or one of the CD38 inhibitors (78c or MK-0159). ( E ) MFI of LC3B staining in control or CD38-overexpressed CD8 + T cells. ( F ) Counts of LC3B-positive dots per cell of control or CD38-overexpressed CD8 + T cells. ( G ) MFI of PINK1 in control, CD38-overexpressing CD8 + T cells, or CD38-overexpressing cells treated with SRT1720. ( H ) Percentage of Parkin positive of the TOMM20-positive area in control, CD38-overexpressing CD8 + T cells, or CD38-overexpressing cells treated with SRT1720. ( I ) MFI of PINK1 in CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells from lupus patient peripheral blood. ( J ) Percentage of Parkin positive of the TOMM20-positive area in CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells from lupus patient peripheral blood. Data are means ± SD; statistical analysis by two-tailed t test (A to H and J), paired t test (I), ns = P > 0.05, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: For MitoTracker and immunofluorescence staining, control OFPSpark Vector (Sino Biological, CV025) and CD38 overexpression vector with OFPSpark (Sino Biological, HG10818-ACR) were used because of the consideration of fluorescence colors.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: CD38 reduces mitochondrial fitness and cytotoxic T cell response against viral infection in lupus patients by suppressing mitophagy

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4271

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A and B ) MFI of LysoTracker Deep Red (A) and LysoSensor Green (B) staining in control, CD38-overexpressing CD8 + T cells with and without SRT1720. ( C ) Percentage of lysosomal pH recovery after removing the reversible V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin. ( D ) Representative flow cytometry plot of LysoTracker Deep Red staining in lysosomal pH recovery test of control, CD38-overexpressing CD8 + T cells with and without SRT1720 in DMSO control condition (red), complete V-ATPase inhibition condition with bafilomycin (blue), and removal of bafilomycin for 1 hour to allow recovery of lysosomal pH (green). ( E and F ) Sequencing tracks of ATAC-seq data over the promoter region of ATP6V1B2 (E) and ATP6V1D (F) of two replicates of CD38 hi CD8 + T cells (blue) and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells (red) from lupus patient peripheral blood. ( G and H ) Result of ATAC-qPCR showing normalized fold change (FC) of the two peaks located at the promoter region of ATP6V1B2 (G) and ATP6V1D (H) in control, CD38-overexpressing CD8 + T cells with and without SRT1720. ( I ) Percentage of lysosomal pH recovery after removing the reversible V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin in CD38 hi CD8 + and CD38 lo CD8 + T cells from lupus patient peripheral blood. Data are means ± SD; statistical analysis by two-tailed t test (A to C and G and H), paired t test (I), * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For MitoTracker and immunofluorescence staining, control OFPSpark Vector (Sino Biological, CV025) and CD38 overexpression vector with OFPSpark (Sino Biological, HG10818-ACR) were used because of the consideration of fluorescence colors.

Techniques: Staining, Flow Cytometry, Inhibition, Sequencing, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: CD38 reduces mitochondrial fitness and cytotoxic T cell response against viral infection in lupus patients by suppressing mitophagy

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4271

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) MFI of CD38 in gp33 + CD8 + T cells of B6, diseased BXD2, or young nondiseased BXD2 mice 8 days after LCMV Armstrong infection. ( B to D ) Percentage of positive cells expressing CD107a (B), granzyme B (C), and IFN-γ (D) in gp33 + CD8 + T cells of B6, diseased BXD2, or young nondiseased BXD2 mice 8 days after LCMV Armstrong infection. ( E ) LCMV viral load 8 days after LCMV Armstrong infection using quantitative PCR of glycoprotein gene normalized by tissue ACTB in liver, kidney, and lung of B6, diseased BXD2, or young nondiseased BXD2 mice. ( F to H ) Representative liver histology of B6 (F), diseased BXD2 (G), or young nondiseased BXD2 (H) mice 8 days after LCMV Armstrong infection. ( I to K ) Representative liver histology of diseased BXD2 mice 8 days after LCMV Armstrong infection showing focal lesion of necrosis (I) and portal and periportal inflammation (J and K). Data are means ± SD (A to D), mean ± SE (E); statistical analysis by two-tailed t test. ns = P > 0.05, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, **** P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: For MitoTracker and immunofluorescence staining, control OFPSpark Vector (Sino Biological, CV025) and CD38 overexpression vector with OFPSpark (Sino Biological, HG10818-ACR) were used because of the consideration of fluorescence colors.

Techniques: Infection, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Two Tailed Test